|
The architecture of Kansas City, Missouri and the metro area includes major works by many of the world's most distinguished architects and firms, including McKim, Mead and White; Jarvis Hunt; Wight and Wight; Graham, Anderson, Probst and White; Hoit, Price & Barnes; Frank Lloyd Wright; the Office of Mies van der Rohe; Barry Byrne; Edward Larrabee Barnes; Harry Weese; Skidmore, Owings & Merrill; and others. The city was founded in the 1850s at the confluence of the Missouri and Kaw rivers and grew with the expansion of the railroads, stockyards, and meatpacking industry. Prominent citizens settled in the Quality Hill neighborhood and commissioned fine homes primarily in Italianate Renaissance Revival style, which continued to be the major influence for new structures past the turn-of-the century. George Kessler's urban plan for Kansas City with its expansive park and boulevard system, inspired by the City Beautiful Movement, made a profound and lasting impact on the city. The core of the downtown area developed in an early 20th-century building boom that continued into the Great Depression. The city has several buildings that place it among cities with the ten best examples of art deco architecture in the United States.〔(Kansas City Buildings, Real Estate, Architecture, Skyscrapers and Construction Database )〕 Municipal Auditorium, the Kansas City Power and Light Building, and Jackson County Courthouse have been called "three of the nation's Art Deco treasures."〔American Institute of Architects/Kansas City (2000), ''American Institute of Architects Guide to Kansas City Architecture & Public Art'', Kansas City, Missouri: Highwater Press. p. 23〕 J.C. Nichols, a prominent developer of commercial and residential real estate developed the Country Club Plaza (by Edward Buehler Delk and Edward Tanner), and was active in the promotion of lasting architectural landmarks such as Liberty Memorial (Harold Van Buren Magonigle), and Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (Wight and Wight). A second period of building growth occurred from the 1960s through the 1980s. During this time, Kansas City, Missouri gained much of its modern skyline, including One Kansas City Place, which is currently the tallest building in Missouri at 623 feet. Suburban growth spread into Johnson County, Kansas with new homes and mid-rise office buildings. After a period of significant decline, downtown Kansas City has been revived by several major new works of architectural design. Sprint Center arena (2007), the Power & Light District entertainment development (2007), the Block Building addition to the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (2007), H&R Block World Headquarters (2006), 2555 Grand (2003), Charles Evans Whittaker Federal Courthouse (2000), Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art (1994), American Century Towers (1991 & 1994), Bartle Hall Convention Center expansion (1994), and the Stowers Institute for Medical Research (1994) are among the most prominent and recognizable. ==Early architecture== The first skyscraper/highrise in Kansas City was the New York Life Insurance Building (Kansas City), completed in 1890. It stands twelve floors tall at a height of 180 feet (54.8 m) and was the first local building with elevators. After the New York Life Building was completed, Kansas City followed the national trend of constructing a plethora of buildings above ten stories. Within fifty years of the building's construction, over fifty buildings over ten floors were built in and around downtown. Louis Curtiss, among Kansas City's most innovative architects, designed the Boley Clothing Company Building, which is renowned as "one of the first glass curtain wall structures in the world."〔American Institute of Architects/Kansas City (2000), ''American Institute of Architects Guide to Kansas City Architecture & Public Art'', Kansas City, Missouri: Highwater Press. p. 29〕 The six-story building also features cantilever floor slabs, cast iron structural detailing, and terra cotta decorative elements. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Architecture of Kansas City」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|